Is there a design for when an ERG takes off the target?

Yup, there’s definitely cases where my Tacx Neo 2T significantly over or under performs the power target, and it’s entirely due to gearing and cadence. I have a MTB on my trainer, so in the lower gears and with a low cadence, it can often undershoot moderate power targets. Much more rarely, there will be the opposite case, where a high gear and cadence causes the trainer to overshoot. I almost have to go out of my way to induce the overshoot, whereas the undershoot can happen fairly often in the lower half of my cassette.